Communication and Interpersonal Skills Essay

Communication -the transfer of a message (information, idea, emotion, intent, feeling, or something else) that is both received and understood. Communication Levels 1. One-on-one level – this is you and your fellow colleagues or you and your manager and/or supervisor. 2. Team-or-unit level – level that is limited to the group and its members. 3. Company-level – larger than team level, communications with the different teams within the company or organization. 4. Community-level – how the company communicate to the different sectors of the community or society see more:explain how different forms of dementia may affect the way an individual communicates Inhibitors of Communication Kill the Messenger† Syndrome – we do not take this literally. This syndrome is our natural way of not listening to people we do not like. When we do not like the person talking, we do not listen to what he/she is trying to say because we are already assuming that everything that is coming out of their lips are not good Difference in Meaning – as seen in our activity earlier. The leader tries to explain the picture but some of us have a different perception. Maybe the misuse of words to explain is the root cause of this inhibitor Lack of trust – a symptom of the â€Å"Kill the Messenger† syndrome. Again, if you do not like and trust the person talking, you totally disregard the message the speaker is trying to convey. Information overload – sometimes called communication overload. People have a limit as to how much information one can take in a day. Notice when a person rests their forehead with their palm or fist. That is a sign that the brain needs rest in absorbing information. Yawning is another sign that the person is not yet ready to receive information and experiencing an overload. When this happens, just pause for a few second and let the listener recover for a bit then resume talking. Interference – interference may happen at any time. Whether it is through a person or an event like ringing of the mobile phone or a blast of the ambulance siren, these sudden noises can interfere the bridging of information from sender to receiver. Condescending tone – condescending from the word condescension which is synonymous to arrogance. A communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient. Patronize meaning to talk down to. In Filipino, being â€Å"mata-pobre†. Poor listening skills – there are people who have not honed their skills in listening. All they want is talk, talk and talk some more. If everybody talks, nothing is understood. To prove my point, try to situate yourself in the middle of a busy public market and try to understand every word that each person says. Listening is an essential skill in communication. Without it, we cannot bridge out the ideas that is inside our heard. Premature judgments – this happens when we heard something bad that happened to the ones we love. A perfect example, your best-friend said that he saw your girlfriend with a guy. Before your best-friend can finish his story, you bolted out and quarrelled with your girlfriend. If only you listened to the continuation of the story, which is that the man that your girlfriend was seen with is actually her father. How embarrassing it would be, right? That is an example of a premature judgment, which leads us to the last inhibitor of communication, assumptions. Inaccurate assumptions – people love to assume things. We assume things in almost everything. Inaccurate assumptions can lead to mistakes to disastrous situations. For example, if people would assume a person immediately as a criminal just because of their looks, now that would be wrong. Remember, communications is not limited to the use of spoken words, as we will be discussing that further down the road. Assumptions are good, but remember to keep it to yourself until the assumption is accurate and proven. Listening– one of the most important communication skills Hearing- is a natural process, but listening is not. Good listening– means receiving the message, correctly decoding it, and accurate perceiving what it means Empathic listening– listening with the intent to understand Inhibitors of Effective Listening 1. Lack of concentration – this is because we do not pay attention or really not interested in listening at all. 2. Interruptions – sudden occurrence that brings our mind to focus on something else. 3. Preconceived ideas – even before the actual listening happens, our minds have a solid picture of the person who will be talking to us thus giving us the impression of not wanting to listen. 4. Thinking ahead – like preconceived ideas, our mind in preoccupied with something else, that’s why we are not listening effectively. 5. Interference – like interruptions, people or events that suddenly interrupt our listening. 6. Tuning out – not wanting to listen at all or sometimes because of communication overload that our mind shuts down momentarily to rest, thus tuning out. Listening Responsively 1. Active – Always show interest to the person talking to you. Being active gives you a good reception on what the sender is trying to say. 2. Alert – this goes hand in hand with being active. Being alert also gives you a good reception to the message the sender is giving. 3. Vigilant – Synonymous of being alert. Pay full attention to the speaker to grasp the message he/she is trying to convey. 4. Sensitive – being sensitive shows a sign of interest to the person talking. Sensing that the place have so many interferences, you can say to the speaker to go somewhere else so that you can understand what he/she is trying to say. 5. Creative – creative in a sense that you ask questions about the message the speaker has given. Asking questions is a good sign that the listener received the message properly. Improving listening skills -Upgrade your desire to listen -Ask the right questions -Judge what is really being said -Eliminate listening errors Non Verbal Communication Factors 1. Body Factors – these are our gestures and facial gestures. Whether we are the sender or receiver, we subconsciously act out our thoughts. Good readers of non-verbal cues can understand that as if you are an open book. 2. Voice Factors – these pertain to the pitch, intonation, and speed of our voice. Simple cough to interrupt the speaker means a lot of things, depending on how it was sent or received. 3. Proximity Factors – this pertains to the place or space of the listener to the speaker and vice-versa (ex. the farther we are to the speaker means that we are not interested in listening to the person talking) Communicating Verbally Show interest Be friendly Be flexible Be tactful Be courteous Asking Questions Effectively 1. Phrase questions carefully – choice of words are important, we should be sensitive as to not offend the speaker by questioning him/her inappropriately. 2. Use open-ended questions – these are questions that can give the speaker a chance to respond to further clarify the inquiry given. 3. Acknowledge emotions – be sensitive on the underlying emotions. Read the non-verbal cues of the speaker and from there you know how to handle the situation. 4. State your purpose – it is a sign of giving due respect to the speaker of stating the purpose of your question. In that way, both the speaker and the listener know that they are both on the same page on the topic. 5. Drop your defences – be objective in giving and answering questions. After all, the purpose of question and answer is to clarify things and needs further explanation. Being defensive will only inhibit the flow of communication Communicating in Writing Strategies for improved written communication 1. Plan before you write – just like in speaking, be sensitive on the reader of your written correspondence. Choose your words carefully before writing them down. 2. Be brief and direct – since the message is done in writing, might as well give your message brief. This can help the reader to understand your message and not experience eye-strain in reading a bunch of words that mean to tell him that he needs to brush his teeth in the morning for example. 3. Be accurate – go straight to the point on the message of the letter you are righting. 4. Practice self-editing – after writing, read your message as if you are the receiver. Feel the content and understand every word. Try to edit parts that you feel or notice that the reader will misinterpret what you are trying to say. Writing better reports Define the problem Develop a work plan Gather relevant data Process findings Develop conclusions Make recommendations Communicating Corrective Feedback Be positive – this is for both the manager and the employee in question. Remember to give due respect to everyone, whether you are the listener or the speaker. Watch your non-verbal communication and try to show to the one you face that you respect him/her as a person and ready to discuss anything with him/her. Remember that you subject yourself into this because it is for the better. Be prepared – think back of the reason why this activity is happening. Try to clear your head with negative thoughts as it will not help you not only in recalling past events, but also finding solutions to the  problem. Be realistic – when giving corrective feedback, look for solutions that are doable. In addition, try to focus on the subject at hand and base all of the topics on facts not hearsay or speculations. Don’t be completely negative – the negative form of corrective feedback is being reprimanded. But on the other hand, you can look at it as a form of an adv ice coming from top management to make you do better with work. So do not be negative. And if you are the one who will be doing the reprimanding, remember the â€Å"kiss and kick† principle, start with something positive then inject the negative. (i.e. â€Å"You know I like as to how you come in to work early but if only you could lessen the internet usage for surfing personal stuff, you could help the company a lot.†) Improving Communication Skills Keep up to date – this does not mean that you have to read a lot of magazines so that you can talk about what are the latest happenings in society, although it can help keep the interaction interesting. But other than that, keeping up to date means you talk and interact with your peers and superiors about what is happening inside the workplace. Keep yourself inside the loop so that you will not be left behind. Prioritize & determine time constraints – talks are good but do it efficiently. One can talk but make sure that you know what to talk and for how long you will be talking. It is not nice for someone to keep on talking and talking that you do not give the listener an opportunity to react. Time your talk and balance out the topics to keep the interaction going. Decide who to inform – if you know something sensitive, it would be wise to think first as to whom you will share the sensitive information with. Inappropriate sharing of information can lead to grapevine or worse can sue you for libel. Our word is our bond so be careful. Determine how to communicate – would it be proper to say it in front of his face or write it down in a memo? Just remember, saying it makes the receiver feel informal while putting it down on a piece of paper makes it more stern and formal. Analyze the message you want to convey and then choose the method of delivery. Communicate & follow-up – once you opened your communication line about a topic, keep it open. Learn to follow- up if there are updates that  you should know about. Always keep yourself in the loop. Check understanding & obtain feedback – doing follow-up makes you certain the level of understanding the listener has about the message you convey. Do not hesitate to ask if th ey understood what you mean and ask them for feedback. In feedback, you can gauge on how effective you conveyed the message and see what areas you can improve so that you can give clearer message delivery. There are three ways to convey our message across, they are: 1. Written – again, we said that this is the formal way of sending your message across. Written messages can hold you responsible and accountable on every word written. 2. Verbal – the most common method of sending the message across. It is informal and sometimes forgettable. So if you wish to send something important across using this method, make sure to ask the person if he/she understood what you are trying to say. Follow-up from time to time if the listener did understand the message you have sent across. 3. Electronic (E-mail) – emails these days have two forms, the written which we call email and voice which we call voicemail. This is the modern form of message carriers; it is fast, convenient and can be stored easily. Like the written message, you have to be careful on what you put there because each message is a file and these files can be stored and opened again if needed. Developing Interpersonal Skills Recognition of the need Careful selection Training Measurement and reward Promoting Responsiveness among Employees Value people Give people what you want to get back Make cooperation a habit Personality & Communication Personality used to describe a relatively stable pattern of behaviour, though, emotions, motives & outlook distinctive to a given individual & that characterize that individual throughout life Group of characteristics according to psychologists 1. Introversion Vs. Extroversion – are you a homebody or someone who likes to go out and have an adventure? 2. Neuroticism Vs. Emotional Stability – do you experience thinking negatively to others or you still have a clear conscience? 3. Agreeable Vs. Stubborn – do you always â€Å"go with the flow† or someone that â€Å"blocks the flow†? 4. Conscientious Vs. Undependable – do you always look into detail or are you just â€Å"happy-go-lucky†? 5. Open To Experience Vs. Prefers The Familiar – are you unafraid to try out new things or contented to the status quo? Overview of Team Building and Teamwork Team- A team is a group of people with a common, collective goal. Primary reasons for advocating teamwork are: †¢ Two or more heads are better than one. †¢ People in teams get to know each other better, build trust & as a result help each other. †¢ Teamwork promotes better communication. Rationale for Teams A group of people becomes a team when the following conditions exist: †¢ Agreement exists as to the team’s mission †¢ Members adhere to the team ground rules †¢ Fair distribution of responsibility & authority exists. There are three types of teams in the work place, they are: Department Improvement Team – their focus is improving work in the department. H. James Harrington and Kenneth Lomax have stated the importance of this type of team in their bookâ€Å"Performance Improvement Methods†. They  write, â€Å"Department Improvement Teams or DIT is one of the most valuable teams in the entire process. The team is made up of employees in a particular department reporting to the same manager. They focus on problems that they know about, has resources to use, and is empowered to solve with little or no outside approvals†¦ Since this team is looking at issues that affect its own efficiency and effectiveness, there are huge opportunities for saving organization resources.† Process Improvement Team – Harrington and Lomax has a description of this team. They write, â€Å"Another very valuable team in any organization is this team†¦ since they focus on a particular process, they are also called cross-functional teams.† Directly handled by management, its members consists of individuals who are deeply involved in that particular process. They will identify process issues that can be corrected through the use of a task team. Organizations will prioritize the critical business process and assign PITs to redesign and reengineer one to three processes at a time. In these cases that the PIT members will work on it between 50% – 100% of their time for three to six months. And just like the Department Improvement Team, thePITs has great opportunities to reduce internal cost by making process more efficient, more effective, and more adaptable. Task force-a task force is a temporary unit or formation established to work on a single defined task or activity. Members are based on experience and participation is mandatory. They are directed by management and it is also in the discretion of management on the task that they will be working on. Task mforces are formed to provide solutions as soon as possible so the urgency is very high and directly affect the entire organization. The process facilitator is optional and team leadership shall be appointed by management. Task forces are also called â€Å"ad-hoc committees† Being in a group, members should learn how to work together. Factors that influences teamwork are: Personal identity of team members Relationships among team members Identity within the organization To become a member of a team, one must: Gain entry Be clear on the team’s mission Be well prepared and participate Stay in touch Now, how can one be a leader of the team? He/she should be: Team Building and Teamwork Be clear on the team’s mission Identify success criteria Be action centered Establish the ground rules Share information Cultivate team unity And finally, the following characteristics should be present in order to exude team excellence and performance: Interdependence Stretching tasks Alignment Common language Trust/Respect Shared leadership/ followership Problem-solving skills Confrontation/ Conflict-handling skills Assessment/Action, celebration Building Teams and Making Them Work Following are the factors that influence team building & should be taken care of: Makeup & Size of Teams Choosing Team Members Responsibilities of Team Leaders Other Team Members Creating Teams Mission Statement Developing Collegial Relationships Promoting Diversity in Teams Four Step Approach in Team Building Assessing Team Needs – talk, communicate, and interact with fellow members. At this point there should not be roles played like leader and follower. Everybody is equal, therefore can equally express freely what the needs of the team are. In that way, people can identify what is essential and work on it in the process. Planning Team-Building Activities – once the needs are identified, the team should use it as basis for the activities. The activities should address a particular need, not one activity that can answer all of them. Executing Team-Building Activities – execution is key. The team should do the activities properly in order to address the need identified. Evaluating Team-Building Activities – not all activities go on smoothly. If it does, the team should not stop there. Meet and analyze the events that happened. The team can do a SWOT analysis to evaluate the activity and use the results on assessing a new set of team’s needs and do the same process all over again. Character Traits and Teamwork Following are few character traits required for Teamwork: Honesty Selflessness Dependability Enthusiasm Responsibility Cooperativeness Initiative Patience Resourcefulness Punctuality Perseverance Teams are not Bossed – They are Coached Bosses approach the job from â€Å"I’m in charge – do as you are told perspective†. facilitators of team development and continually improved performance. Following are a few characteristics of a Coach: Clearly Defined Character Team Development/Team Building Mentoring Mutual respect Human Diversity Handling Conflict in Teams Resolution Strategies for Team Conflicts: Plan & Work to establish a balanced culture Establish clear criteria Don’t allow individuals to build personal empires Encourage & Recognize risk-taking behavior Value constructive dissent Assign people of widely differing perspectives Reward and recognize both dissent & teamwork Structural Inhibitors of Teamwork Compensation and Recognition – let’s start from the most obvious. People will not lead if they will not be paid handsomely and recognized for the work. Let’s admit, it is human nature, no one will work for free.Even volunteers have their own intentions, not really working freely just for the heck of it. Planning and Control – Rank and file employees do not like additional work, work that they won’t get paid. Middle management on the other hand does not wish to work because of the length of time consumed plus the paper works. Again, people will do it, wherever he/she is in the organizational ladder, for compensation and recognition. Unit Structure – this is all about how the organization looks like. A rank- and-file cannot lead a team same as an executive becoming a memberof a team led by a rank-and-file. Unit Goals –  conflict of interest is sometimes a big hindrance for a team to move forward. Members that have a hidden agenda that sometimes conflicts with what is supposed to do can stumble or even halt the entire team’s operation. Accountability & Responsibility – I put them on top of the ladder because they are the toughest and at the same time most critical value a team must have. It is human nature that when something fails, we point fingers and not accept part or even full responsibility of the actions. Remember, a team should work as one, and working as one, the members should contribute. If members are weak in this area, the team will stumble and not reach their goal. Rewarding Team and Individual Performance The second figure shows the model for developing a team and individual compensation system. The steps are as follows: Step 1: Decide what performance to measure Step 2: Determine how to measure the performance Step 3: Identify the rewards to be offered Step 4: Integrate related process

Common Ground on Child Beauty Pageants Essay

I’m sure you all have seen the TV show â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras.† It is a show about young children competing in beauty pageants to win a place in a higher ranked pageant, money, and the ownership of a winning title. Many people think differently about the show and the pageants. Some are all for the pageants and some are against them. People who are against the pageants complain that they should be eliminated because they exploit children and place them in harm’s way. They claim because of major dangers; no one under the age of eighteen should be placed in a beauty pageant. The children who are in the pageants are dressed up in adult’s clothing, have piles of make up on, and are harming their bodies. They are harming their bodies by putting the make up on and tanning. By putting make up on at such young of an age, their face ages faster. By tanning, they begin to get that urge that some adults have to tan, which makes their skin age and have wrinkles early. It also puts them at the risk of having skin cancer at an early age. They say it also appeals the children to sexual predators. When a child is half naked on stage and sometimes on TV, these sexual predators see them and may even try to meet them. Sexual predators are only part of the problem. Studies show that every child who may benefit from the competition, hundreds of others suffer damage to their self-esteem and have warped self-vision of themselves and their bodies. Many times, they use JonBenet, a young child who competed in these pageants at the age of six. She was murdered in the basement of her home by a sexual predator. The suspect claimed he became aware of her by the pageants being on television. People who are for the pageants and the TV shows claim that it brings their children fame and confidence. When a child has worked hard on a routine and they get on stage and accomplish it, there is no better reward than the applause and praise from the audience and family. Some also say that the tanning and make up does not harm their skin, it just makes them feel prettier. Someone once told me that when a person looks at themselves in the mirror, and they have their hair and make-up done, they feel better about themselves. That is what many moms claim their children feel whenever they have their make-up done, outfits on, and hair done. Moms of pageant children say that when their child has worked hard, and they have their name called on stage for a winning title, there is no happier feeling. They have worked and accomplished their goal. Call it what you want, but people have their own opinions. Some people think pageants hurt a child, and some think they help a child. Both of them could be right, depending on the child’s standpoint. If a child’s dream is to be in pageants, I would let that child fulfill their dream. What would you do? Works Cited Page Hilboldt-Stolley, Lise. â€Å"Pretty Babies.† Good Housekeeping 228.2 (1999): 102. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 10 Dec. 2012.

Selecting a Plant Site for a Pharmaceutical Industry Coursework

Selecting a Plant Site for a Pharmaceutical Industry - Coursework Example The final choice of finalizing a site is purely based on an extensive survey of advantages and disadvantages of the site location and ultimately availability of the real estate. The various factors that should be considered while selecting a plant site are discussed in this section. They are as follows. Raw materials availability is the basic need of a pharmaceutical industry. In this case, as most of the raw materials are imported, a location should be near to the port that helps in transportation of such materials and lowers the cost of transportation. Raw Materials of a pharmaceutical industry are very delicate and stored under a high-quality control. A very delicate environment as per Standard Operating procedures should be selected that provides a temperature and humidity controlled environment for storage and transportation of these materials. The location of the site is selected as per the demand of the industry. A location near to seaport helps in the importation of raw materials and exportation of the production material. Also, a close connection of the site to the national motorway helps in nationwide distribution of the products. A site close to a village or area of lower income people should be preferred. In such area, manpower is easily available. An industry every now and then is in need of hardworking and pain taking people who put all their efforts in the industry. An area that is free from environmental hazards should be selected. A pharmaceutical industry needs an environment that is free from pollution and waste of other industries. Moreover, a highly maintained disposal area as per standard operating procedures of making medicines should be there so it may not cause harm to the surrounding environment There should be an extra area within the premises of the industry that can be utilized later if needed. An industry with high potential, the future expectations should be kept in mind. In the future, if there is a need to build a storeroom, manufacturing area or even rooms for the new staff, there should be enough space that on which building can be extended.  Ã‚  

Applying Theory to Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Applying Theory to Practice - Essay Example Experience has convinced me that my singular performance alone would not allow me to manage pain effectively. The policy makers and all the staff have to be convinced about the management plan. A team management of pain is now better accepted (Zalon et al, 2008). A comprehensive plan would be set up for systematic and uniform management of pain in the hospital. Care from initial assessment to planning for discharge would be incorporated. Competency of the staff would be ensured through continuing education. All nurses would have laminated pocket cards with FACES scale and numerical scale for analyzing the pain by the scales (Bines & Paice, 2005). If the card showed an intensity of ‘four† on the scale, intervention was made. Including pain as another vital sign would produce awareness of the distress and decide whether it was time for intervention. A series of questions would be added to the inpatient and outpatient forms so that the features of the pain would be elicited (Bines & Paice, 2005). Electronic devices would be in place for reminding the nurses about the time for reassessment of pain. Screening for pain and assessing its nature and intensity would be an essential step. Details of the pain and how it had affected the patient would be recorded. The patient would be needed to provide informed consent and participate in deciding the individual care plan for pain management. The pain would be assessed carefully and managed appropriately in order to uphold the patients’ rights (Bines & Paice, 2005). The goals for relief of pain must be ascertained. Realistic and safe goals would be identified. The patient would be asked about the activities or functions that he would like to do or perform when he had no pain. Enquiring about the patient satisfaction would provide information and experience of the best techniques to manage pain in a similar situation later. Non-pharmacological management simultaneously would add to the satisfaction level ( Hardy, 2011). The patient and the family would be given educative material to familiarize themselves with the plan. This information would help them gain knowledge on the procedures adopted in my institution. They would be reassured about the competency of the staff which also included pain specialists (Bines & Paice, 2005). Their fears about whether staff would believe the patient and respond immediately would be dispelled. The patient’s fears about opioids would be carefully managed. Publishing the information on the internet would help the staff to download it for the patients. Pain-related information would be maintained at the Health Library in the hospital. Computers would be available for patients and families to browse for the information (Bines & Paice, 2005). The pharmacological therapy with opioids or NSAIDs would be decided upon by the uniform recommendations of the hospital. The variation in dosage would be by variation of age of the patient, the type of wound, t he intensity of pain, the hospital procedure done, the surgery performed and the underlying illnesses. Non-pharmacological adjuvants which could provide relaxing moments would include visual stimuli like photos or pictures or a television programme (Bines & Paice, 2

Background to the project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Background to the project management - Essay Example The undertaking was a platform project since it was based on improving existing systems. The clinic previously utilized the traditional key system. From this undertaking, the project team will gain technical experience in improving the existing technologies. Technology dimension The project had a high tech level of technological uncertainty. The technology used in the project is generally well established. The required improvement is on a small scale and thus new features are limited. Project complexity The project in terms of complexity was under the system project since the used technology was new to the organization. Pace dimension The project was under the fast/ competitive level since it was an internal project of the organization whereby employees were required to have the keys on time to avoid locking other out. A delay in the project will inconvenience the hospital employees since some of them will be unable to access various rooms of the building. The project cycle was made up of three phases. During the initiation phase, the project’s objectives were clearly outlined. The planning phase is the second stage. In this phase, the actions needed to ensure the project objectives are met were outlined. The last phase is the execution phase whereby the project commences. Due to these setbacks, the project failed or it was unsuccessful. I chose to investigate this situation primarily because it is the major reason why the project was unsuccessful. Thus, it is a vital aspect which had a great impact on the project’s success.

Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Supply Chain Management - Essay Example In order to ensure that the production process is strategically aligned to the supply chain, it must be aligned to market demand. For this reason, organizations undertake the process of production planning and scheduling which involves optimizing the output level. This is the output level that takes into account sales and production capacities of the company. Production planning and scheduling enables the management to organize the production facilities in such a manner that they are able to capitalize upon customer wants and market demand to the highest possible extent (Grimson and Pyke 325). Because customer wants change and market demand fluctuates, production has to be flexible. For this reason production planning and scheduling is a key success factor when it comes to building and maintaining a competitive supply chain. As mentioned before, production involves a transformation process from raw materials to finished goods. Production involves managing this transformation in such a manner that production capacities are capitalized upon to the best extent possible taking into account market demand. For this reason, production planning and scheduling are related to strategic decisions. ... Therefore the management has to invest in production equipment that not only incorporates the latest technology, but can also produce goods according to total quality management. Production planning and scheduling enables the management to meet the objective of maintaining state-of-the-art production facilities which can meet market expectations. Production ensures product availability according to forecasted sales. When the customer order is received, the production process must start immediately. Production planning ensures that the required production capabilities are maintained in the long term. Production scheduling ensures that the optimum volume of output is available in order to maximize the profitability of the company. Supply Supply can be defined as the process of defining the balance between capacity and quality. When considering supply, the management must assess whether the production facilities are able to maintain product quality that maximizes company profitability. As mentioned before, the production process must occur according to market demand. This ensures product availability. However this incorporates quality as well. This is taken into account in supply considerations. In this case, the management considers whether the company’s production facilities can meet the quality requirements economically. If it takes too much investment to ensure quality, then this drives up the cost of supply and therefore profitability is reduced. So considering supply forces the management to take into account the production capacity for ensuring product availability at the lowest possible cost. As mentioned before, production is the transformation from raw

Business law Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business law - Term Paper Example In this instance, Christopher has to fulfill the condition precedent that is the prerequisite for him to be awarded the inheritance. Luckily, he was already employed as a Marketing Liaison Officer in one of the local hotels in the city. He immediately took possession of the beautiful house left in his care and all the assets that went with it. The first evening he was alone, he decided to watch a film in the Sunnie 60† flat screen television. He was shocked as he turned on the TV when he saw that there was an ugly discoloration on the entire face of the screen, which looked like large blotches of ink thrown at the TV. He checked the records pertaining to the television, and he found out that it was purchased within six months for $5,000.00. He is aware of the warranties that go with the television unit. He browsed over the shrink-wrap agreement that he found in one of the drawers in the office. The shrink-wrap agreement is usually attached in the box of the unit, the contents o f which probably had not been discussed with the buyer. He discovered the conditions of the services that may be rendered for the unit bought and the terms of the warranties. To make it look more official, the conditions are written in various languages, and in very fine prints, to discourage the purchaser from reading it. The following morning, he complained to the dealer of Sunnie, which is the Sunrise Appliance Store, and he was told that the store could not honor the warranties in this instance because the problem was caused by excessive use of the unit. They can repair it, but they would have to charge the cost in the amount of $2,200.00. They pointed out under section E found in the shrink-wrap agreement, that it said, â€Å"Excessive use is specifically not covered by any warranty.† Christopher was quick to anger. Luckily he brought his lawyer with him.

Top 10 News Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Top 10 News - Essay Example This article effectively provides the details that it promised it would in the lead. This article starts off with a look at the Prince Charles and Diana wedding and then talks about the Prince William and Kate Middleton wedding that took place recently. It mainly talks about the government and the general population and attempts to look at how this wedding actually affects the average person, if at all. The marriages of other royals are also mentioned in passing. There is one picture with the article and that is of the massive crowds that gathered to watch the wedding. It seems an appropriate picture in this case as the article does discuss the people who watched the wedding and their attitudes towards the monarchy rather than give details of the wedding itself. This articles starts with a reaction from Chile’s president followed by a details of a major face in this event-the shift manager who tried to keep things organised underground when the miners were trapped. There is a brief description of the events that led to this rescue followed by the names of the men who were trapped underground. The article is effectively written. This article describes the destruction in Haiti as a result of the earthquake that occurred. It provides information about what other countries have said about their staff in the country and also the scale of the destruction. There are three pictures and the first is a schematic showing the epicentre of the earthquake. The second and third are satellite images of two cities affected by the earthquake. The first picture is appropriate for this article as are the other two. This article is very effectively written. The lead provides us with an indication as to the scale of the event by mentioning that this is the biggest earthquake and tsunami in Japan’s history. The article goes on to discuss the concerns over the nuclear plant, reports on Japan’s main city Tokyo and provides information of international

Malaysian Airlines corporate strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Malaysian Airlines corporate strategy - Essay Example The paper tells that facing a tough economic environment, strong rivals and governmental interventions, Malaysian Airlines is facing a situation where it is fighting to remain operational. Low cost operators are developing different capabilities in their operations that are leading to a competitive advantage for them. Industry wide standards are evolving so rapidly that it is becoming difficult for airlines who have massive operational scale to adapt there processes to theses changes in a small period of time. In these times company has to thoroughly scrutinize its business processes to tighten up cost and in effect maintain those margins that allow it to remain competitive in the industry. However, there is a limit to this measure and therefore company has to explore other options. Malaysian Airline has been facing serious threats from the low cost competitors. The competitors are trying to capture the market share of Malaysian by using different low cost strategies. Low cost strate gies allow the organization to create a cost leadership and impose serious competitive challenges for other organizations. In this particular case study, the competitors of Malaysian airline are offering heavily discounted seats in core markets, this in turn allows them to influence demand and set new standards in the market. Apart from this, another competitive action taken by the low cost competitors is of E-ticketing, since it’s a onetime cost which allows the airline to avoid cuts or commissions of different parties, who were involved with booking tickets for example agencies, queues and staff. Another factor which has allowed the competitors to offer services at relatively low cost is the low cost airports. This has tremendously reduced their cost and is one of the reasons for them to offer such low fares. The competitors are able to attain and maintain zero accommodation cost for airline staff. This has become possible because the operations of these competitors are des igned in such a manner that they do not require their cockpit staff to spend a night at a hotel after the flight. The staff comes back home immediately on the next flight. Code sharing has also allowed them to keep their expenses low. Lastly, these competitors have implemented performance linked compensation i.e. these companies have tied their compensation with the performance of the airline employees, giving them an incentive to keep performing exceptionally. Impact of the Actions of Competitors on Malaysian Airline: The strategies and actions implemented by the low cost competitors have some serious impact on the Malaysian airline. The airline has been forced to offer better service standards. Obviously, this measure would require the airline to incur more cost. Low cost airline has set a new benchmark for operations; these latest operations require airlines to cut every ounce of unnecessary cost, thereby squeezing capital expenditure. Low cost competitors due to their smooth ope rations have set fares prices so low that it has caused big airlines with massive operation to explore ways to lower their fares. Due to their massive scale, such airliners are facing difficulty to offer competitive rates. Since low cost operators charge such a low cost on domestic flights, it has put pressure on airlines like Malaysian airline to increase the passenger load on domestic flight in order to keep domestic services operational. Low cost flight carriers are now moving towards countries and regions liken ASEAN, China and India, thereby attacking the most probable markets for big airlines like Malaysian Airlines. Probable Actions for Malaysian Airline: Malaysian Airline has to take several measures and steps in order to overcome the increasing competitive pressure by the low cost competitors. The company can take measures in order to facilitate the process of downscaling unproductive operations for example certain domestic or regional flights. Apart from this the company c an also follow the Airline BTP2 manual

Culture and Disease Essay Example for Free

Culture and Disease Essay Human body consists of organs which each plays a role in a coordinated system to facilitate the normal function ability of the body. Sometimes the body might function abnormally due to failure of proper function of an organ or organs. In such a situation the organ might be affected by a disease which might inflict pain to the body, damaging it and often might result to total failure and eventually death. Diseases are common to human beings, animals and even plants. Diseases in most cases are preventable and curable although some diseases may cause permanent injuries and disability to the patient. Some several factors are related to various disease which might also dictate the extent on which it spreads and causes the effect. Diseases are classified according to various factors like what are the causes, the type, and means of contracting the disease, the affected species and many other factors (Cooter, Roger, and John Pickstone, eds. (2000). Human beings are vulnerable to majority of diseases which falls in different categories. Some of them are contagious which falls in different diseases have drastic effects and may cause death easily while others are easily curable and they cause no extensive damage to our body so long as they are treated. Depending on the kind of diseases, some are related to a particular culture. Examples of some diseases are like the heart diseases which affect the heart and its blood vessels tampering with the normal functioning of it. Heart diseases fall into different categories which include heart failure which involves the being unable to pump blood in the entire body which causes insufficient blood to reach all the targeted organs in the body well. Sometimes some organs malfunction due to less blood supplied to them. The other type of heart disease is the heart arrhythmias which cause the heart beat pace to change. The heart might beat faster than the normal pace or sometimes slower. Third type of disease is canomy artery disease which commonly causes the heart attack. This disease causes the heart to receive less blood than unaccepted due to the naming of the blood arteries hence the slow movement of the blood to the heart. The narrow artery tends to restrict sufficient flow of the blood to the heart. Sometimes the arteries are fully blocked leading to heart attack. Circumstances that cause the heart disease may differ depending on the conditions under which a person lives and the situation in which a person lives and the situation in which he or she is involved in. one of the conditions that might cause heart disease is the high blood cholesterol. Liver is the organ in the body that is responsible for producing the cholesterol which is essential in the body system. The cholesterol is delivered to the rest of the body cells through blood flow. Considering the substantial composition of the cholesterol and the fact that it comes from the animal ft and other saturated fats then there is a high risk when it is in high content in our bodies. Excessive cholesterol then sticks on the wall of the blood vessels like pulmonary arteries which narrows the passage hence insufficient blood reaching to the heart. This eventually might lead to a condition such as heart attack. Another way in which heart disease are caused, is through high blood pressure coupled with the problem of obesity. This situation is much contributed by obesity or overweight which may also lead to high blood cholesterol as previously discussed. Stress is also considered as another factor that contributed to the heart disease. This is a situation that affects someone’s emotions due to various reasons based on economic status, social status are psychological maters that concentrates on the thinking capacity of someone’s brain. According to () the blood pressure and the heart beat is mostly increased by the stress which can also increase the release of hormones of heart disease are increased. In this paper the concentration of heart diseases is focused on the African American race. Currently the cardio-vascular disease is more prevalent in the blacks than on the case of white people. This can be associated to several factors which causes or facilitates the dominancy of the heart disease. One of the factors is obesity. Being among the risks that leads to obesity, in United States African Americans have been found to be mostly affected by obesity in comparison to the white people. This might be as a result of eating habits and the lifestyle which in mot cases differs depending on the locality and the age. Physical inactivity may also attribute much in obesity and overweight which eventually contributes to heart diseases. Another factor is high rate of smoking among African American as compared to the white people. The smoke that is inhaled in the body is explained biologically on how it raises the heart beat and also it is responsible in raising the blood pressure. Nicotine and other compounds found in the cigarette also cause harm to the heart and also may lead to heart attack. Diabetes is another disease which is common to African Americans as compared to white people. Those suffering from the disease have bigger probability of contracting heart disease. In such situations the patient therefore needs more attention in order to reduce the risk of heart disease. Hypertension can also be considered as another factor among the African Americans which contribute to the development of heart diseases. African-American people have a different lifestyle from the white people which can easily be related to the individual health status. African Americans are exposed to the heart disease due to several environmental factors. Pollution of air is among the environmental factors that can contribute to the heart disease. African-Americans live in environment which is badly polluted with gases like carbondioxide and others which may directly or indirectly facilitate to the heart diseases (Rosenberg et al 1992). Smoking can be considered in the air pollution which exposes non smokers to the risk of being affected through breathing the smoked provided by smokers. This habit which is common to African American contributes to the factor that leads to heart diseases. Considered to be minor race in United States, African American find themselves in an environment whereby they feel isolated and sometimes there some unfavorable conditions like job strains etc. these factors may subsequently lead to a lot of cases of stress in individuals which might be related to the heart disease. According to Holman, C. D. J. , and B. K. Armstrong (1984), although not a major determining vulnerability to heart diseases. Delicate newborn babies can easily be exposed to the cause of heart diseases. From the research carried out African American who was born in southern part have higher rates of heart diseases than the whites born in the northern part. Food when eaten unselectively can pose a danger to the human health. Obesity which is common to African Americans is as a result of inconsiderate eating habits. Availability of fatty foods in African American locality can be an influential factor to such conditions which may lead to them consuming those foods unselectively hence leading to undesirable condition like obesity and over weight and eventually to heart disease. Heart diseases are mostly not contagious as compared to other diseases like flu, (Rosenberg et al 1992). One of the methods under which the heart disease can be transmitted from are person to another is through heredity. According to () in a situation whereby parents suffer from heart disease, there is always a likelihood of the disease to be passed to the generation that follows. Biological intervention has indicated that the heart disease can be transmitted from one person to the other genetically. This has been explained through the cardiology study and genetics. Various methods can be applied to control the heart disease. Among them include the client observation which may ensure that feeding habits are regulated to avoid obesity and overweight which is among the major contributing factors to the disease. Fatty foods especially from animal products which might cause the high levels of cholesterol should be regulated while feeding on them. Smoking and excessive intake of alcohol which have been considered to be directly or indirectly cause of heart disease ought to be critically regulated in order to minimize the vulnerability of heart diseases. As a way of reducing the chances of getting heart disease people should attempt to live a stress free life in order to avoid unnecessary hypertension which may result to heart diseases. Heart diseases among the African Americans can be treated through lipid modifying. Under this concept it’s biologically explained on how the lipid can be lowered in the body through lipid lowering therapy which is best explained biologically. The other method used is through lowering the level of the cholesterol in the blood. This is very effective in the sense that the arteries can be repaired from the narrow shape they had taken due to the elimination of the cholesterol in the arteries. African Americans also use the medications which are provided in the hospital which involves intake of prescribed medicine by a doctor or practitioners. Due to their social economic status, the African Americans are vulnerable to the prevalence of the heart disease. This depends on the background they come from and settled in the United States. Most feel that they still want to maintain their culture including even in clients. But still the consumption of these traditional foods also has the positive side to it on the side of medication. Culture has been seen to play a big part in influencing people’s ways of life. This is especially true when it comes to dietary constitution for different groups. Additionally, distinct lifestyles may be attributed to cultural groups and this also determines the nature of disease that the said group is exposed to. More cultural based research is therefore necessary to establish the practices that promote health so that they may be encouraged while discouraging those practices that increase groups risk of getting some diseases. References Cooter, Roger, and John Pickstone, eds. (2000). Medicine in the Twentieth Century. Amsterdam: Harwood,. Holman, C. D. J. , and B. K. Armstrong. 1984. Pigmentary traits, ethnic origin, benign nevi, and family history as risk factors for cutaneous malignant melanoma. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Rosenberg, Charles E. , and Janet Golden, eds. (1992). Framing Disease: Studies in Cultural History. New Brunswick, N. J. : Rutgers University Press.

The Past, Present Future of Mäori Smokers

The Past, Present Future of Mà ¤ori Smokers Introduction Tobacco with the scientific name of Nicotiana tabacum is a plant known to originate on South America during prehistoric times and spread northward to North America. Long before Columbus discovered America 5000 years ago it was believed that the Native Americans already adapted, domesticated and refined the use of tobacco. Europeans and Spanish explorers spread tobacco to Europe and then to Asia including here in New Zealand, since then â€Å"tobacco is the fastest spreading plant in human history† (Herrick, C., Herrick, C., Mitchel, M. 2010). Native Americans first use this by shamans (medicine men) in sacred ceremonies by drying the leaves and smoking it in pipes. Tobacco have played an important role in the history, it is an important bartering product during the precolonial times and was one of the cause in the spread of slavery and the means to win the war for the independence of America. Now a days, many people all over the world use tobacco as a recreation despite the ma ny negative known effects from its use. People smoke tobacco because of its psychoactive effects which in turn relieve anxiety or a means of relaxation from stress and pressure, it stimulate the mind to be more active and sometimes cause hallucination; while most of the time people specifically the younger generations start to smoke to look mature, be like their friends and to experiment. By the time the younger generation becomes an adult, they become addicted and becomes their habit they cannot get away from in the long run. Tobacco smoking known to cause serious preventable diseases that could lead to death such as cancers of different kinds, heart diseases and stroke. This study will describe how did the Mà ¤ori people encounter tobacco smoking, the smoking trends of Mà ¤ori and lastly discuss the ways the government acts to these trends. The Beginning â€Å"Kai paipa† or literally mean eating pipe and â€Å"momi paipa† also means sucking pipe, this are the terms the early Mà ¤ori use to associate smoking but Mà ¤ori did not know tobacco smoking until 1700s when Europeans arrived in New Zealand. The first time they saw James Cook smoking a tobacco, the chief threw water over his head to see if his head was burning since smoke comes out of his mouth. He then told to the Mà ¤ori with him that if the water will put the fire out then he is human, if not then he is a demon and should be killed. After the water will run down his head, the wipe out the fire in the pipe, then it was decided that James Cook was indeed a human. Since then, tobacco was widely used as a standard trade item by 1800s. It was use a payment for Mà ¤ori (including children) for services and or as a form of gift in exchange of land and resources. By then Mà ¤ori of all gender and age become fond of tobacco smoking. Current Trends Currently there are 45.4 percent of Adult Mà ¤ori identified as smokers, this is more than two times the smoking rate of non- Mà ¤ori. 800 Mà ¤ori dies every year because of different smoking-related diseases which puts tobacco smoking as a leading cause of preventable death among Mà ¤ori in New Zealand (Ministry of Health 2009). Mà ¤ori adults have two times (women) and one and a half (men) the rate of smoking in total population. About 30 percent of Mà ¤ori women smoke during their pregnancy in New Zealand (Glover, M. et al. (2007). The number great numbers of Mà ¤ori smokers resulted to $260 million in tobacco taxes each year. Smoking during pregnancy can result to different kinds of complication to the unborn child. This complications are: Sudden infant syndrome (SIDS), premature labour and birth defects like spina bifida, cleft palate, clubfoot, congenital heart diseases and much more. Mà ¤ori begins to smoke at an average age of 14.6 years, but experimentation and initiation of smoking tobacco begins at the age of 10.7 years. On the other hand their non- Mà ¤ori counterparts initiates smoking at the age of 11.8 years old, much older than Mà ¤ori. (Paynter, J. 2008) in general, it is reported the youth got their tobacco by purchasing it themselves or from their friends and family. The rise of Mà ¤ori smokers in New Zealand subsequently also increase the number of Mà ¤ori that are exposed to second hand smoke. A report shows a 23 percent of Mà ¤ori are exposed to second hand smoke inside their homes while 10.9 percent for non- Mà ¤ori. 30.1 percent of Mà ¤ori exposed inside the car compared to 12.6 percent for their non- Mà ¤ori counterpart (New Zealand Tobacco Use Survey 2006). The current trends suggest that the overall population in New Zealand, basing on ethnicity, the Mà ¤ori are much more inclined to smoking compared to other ethnicity. The current trend on Mà ¤ori smoking rates also resulted in a 22 percent of Mà ¤ori deaths that relates to smoking compared to non- Mà ¤ori which only have 20 percent of death rate (Peto, R. 2006). The Help The principle of the treaty of Waitangi says that the crown has a duty to actively protect the Mà ¤ori interest, the word â€Å"Mà ¤ori interest† includes the health and safety. The needs of both Mà ¤ori and the wider community must be met. Health must be available to all and treat everyone â€Å"equally†. On health promotion and health programs, Mà ¤ori should get involve in the planning, delivery and monitoring in partnership with the governing body and non-government organizations for it to be successful. The Ministry of health of New Zealand set 3 objectives basing on the current trends of smoking. These are: to reduce smoking initiation, to increase quitting and lastly to reduce exposure to second-hand smoke. Different programs and promotions were establish to attain these objectives. Some of this programs/projects are: (Ministry of Health 2014) National Quit Month Is provided by ASH New Zealand (Action on Smoking and Health), this project is a national campaign with the aim to create sixty-five thousand quit attempts with the help of different networks of professionals, media, commercial or business partners and other organizations. WERO (Group stop smoking competition) Auckland UniServices are providing this project. In the project, different ethnic groups in New Zealand, including Mà ¤ori and Pacific peoples compete for the most number of smoke quitters. This is with the help of different smoking cessation provider and coach. The project hopes to initiate mass quitting, because this groups are competitive in nature. Campaign to enhance smoking cessation interventions in general practice – This project focuses on the primary care sector. This is project utilizes different kinds of media like video to present information on tobacco smoking and the ways to prevent or stop this addiction. Incentives for Pregnant women to Stop Smoking – due to an increase number of smoking pregnant women, this project will focus on the younger generation. This project will teach and guide them through intensive support and incentives like vouchers given to successful participants. Supporting Smokefree Intersectorally – Provided by Counties Manukau DHB, this projects supports smoking cessation non-government agencies or organizations in the places with greatest need primarily in the place of Counties Manukau. Quit Bus – A mobile bus which travels to different regions, especially to areas that is hard to reach. This bus will provide support with the people who wish to stop smoking. Shifting the Culture in Mental Heal Services This project aims to improve the mind-set of the current acceptance level and the encouragement of smoking. This includes the research and development of guidelines and takes it into action in the primary site. Smoke free Movement – This project provided by Massey University focuses on youth to create a smoke free movement. This includes different competitions like designing of smoke free applications or software, video blogs and video documentaries about smoking. Back to the Future: Preserving our People through Performance – This project is provided by National Heart Foundation – Tala Pasifica. This project uses the conventional methods know to different cultures or traditional methods of communication. These are though entertainment, storytelling, humour and dance. Modern ways of spreading information are fully utilize like Facebook and online blogging. Taking NRT Direct to Smokers – University of Otago is the provider of this project. This project focuses on giving smokers an opportunity to try Medsafe-approved nicotine replacement. Used as a therapy to stop smoking. This will give the smokers motivation and inspiration to quit tobacco smoking. References Broughton, J. (1996). Puffing up a storm:‘Kapai tetorori!’Dunedin: Ngai Tahu Maori Health Research Unit, Dept. of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago. Herrick, C., Herrick, C., Mitchell, M. (2010). 100 Questions Answers About How to Quit Smoking (pp 2-4). Sudbury, Massachusetts. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Lange, R. (1999)May the people live: a history of Maori health development 1900–1920. Auckland: Auckland University Press. Barnett, R. Pearce, J. Moon, G. (2004). Does socialinequality matter? Changing ethnic socio-economic disparities and Maori smoking in New Zealand, 1981-1996 Broughton, J. (1996). Puffing Up a Storm; Volume I –â€Å"Kapai te torori!† Dunedin: University of Otago Ministry of Health. 2009. Tobacco Trends 2008: A brief update of tobacco use in New Zealand. Wellington. Ministry of Health. Blakely T, Fawcett J, Hunt D, Wilson N. (2006). What is the contribution of smoking and socioeconomic position to ethnic inequalities in mortality in New Zealand? Lancet2006; 368: p. 44-52. Peto, R., Lopez, A.D., Boreham, J., Thun, M. Deaths From Smoking, Mortality From Smoking In Developed Countries 1950-2000 (2nd edition, revised June 2006) Glover M et al. (2007) Cessation support for pregnantwomen who smoke: A survey of New Zealand general practitioners and midwives. Auckland: University of Auckland Paynter, J. (2008). National Year 10 ASH Snapshot Survey, 1999-2008: Trends in tobacco use by students aged 14-15 years. New Zealand Tobacco Use Survey 2006, Wellington:Ministry of Health. Ministry of Health. 2014. Smokefree New Zealand 2025 Innovation Funding – Successful Projects. Wellington. Ministry of Health. â€Å"

Let the River Run :: essays research papers

Things occur in nature, that we as humans sometimes prevent from occurring naturally. For example - a dam on a river. Once put into use on a river, a dam simply stops or slows down the natural flow of the water. Sometimes this is for the better, however - sometimes, it is for the worse. This is the case in the Grand Canyon. Some rivers go through natural, periods of flooding and receding, at certain times of the year, or in occurrence with other geographical events. For the first time in thirty years, in March 1996, flood waters rages through the Grand Canyon. However, this was not the result of a natural flood. The Colorado River would experience this same type of man made flood, naturally. These floods would occur every year during winter and spring rains. This water has been released from an upstream dam. The dam was put into action in 1963. Since then, years of environmental damage have been adding up. Dams have been on the river for nearly a century - however, none were upstream of the Grand Canyon until this one was built in 1963.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rivers have a number of processes involved in their everyday activities that allow themselves and the land around them to flourish. When the flow of a river is disrupted, so are these processes. Rivers carry sediments. Along with carrying these sediments, they also deposit them, usually onto surrounding land areas. This deposition occurs when the flow of the water slows down. The amount of sediment a river is carrying generally gives color to it’s appearance. Before this dam was built, the Colorado River possessed a cloudy, rust color. Now, when the water is stopped at this dam, over 90 percent of it’s sediment is dropped. As a result - this gives the river a crystal clear appearance. Another result of the lack of sediment, is the beach erosion that is occurring. Some beaches have eroded to over half of their original size. This erosion is happening because the beaches depended on the annual floods to bring them a continuous supply of fresh, fine sand. The dam is trapping a majority of the sand. There are small tributary rivers that flow uninhibited into the Colorado River below the dam, they bring some sediment - but not enough. As well as these beaches depending on the floods - the rapids in the river, have this same type of dependence. Here, the floods would clear any debris from between the boulders, an area that is now choked.

Smoking: Hazardous to Your Health Essay -- Argumentative Rebuttal Essa

Smoking: Hazardous to Your Health A about two weeks ago I read an essay called, â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦?† by Peter Brimelow. This essay’s main point tries to explain how smoking can be beneficial in some ways. Brimelow’s essay claims smoking can help while driving. Brimelow also thinks smoking can help protect personal freedoms along with benefiting health in some ways (141). Nonetheless, cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of premature death in the United States (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report). Clearly then, smoking is a very hazardous activity and causes many deaths. Driving and Smoking Brimelow informs his readers that smoking can increase alertness and dexterity which will help when driving (Brimelow 141). It has been confirmed that this is true. Although I do not smoke, should I if I am getting sleepy while driving? Fortunately, it is not necessary. There are many other aids that can help with alertness, such as caffeine. Many popular drinks such as coffee, cappuccino, or pop contain caffeine which can help eliminate tiredness. There are hazardous of smoking while driving also. Cigarettes can be cumbersome and a distraction while driving. If there is anything flammable in the vehicle, a lit cigarette poses a possible hazard. Also, if other people are in the car at the same time, they will be forced to inhale the dangerous toxins floating around. Freedom While talking about freedom and personal choices, Brimelows’ essay notes that we are able to â€Å"†¦judge, as individuals, that the reward outweighs the risk. This is called freedom†(141). It is difficult to provide everyone with their desires associated with smoking. I hate the sme... ...enefit in a few small ways, but has many more negative consequences. Smoking, along with second-hand smoke, has caused many preventable deaths in the United States. Smoking is obviously hazardous, along with being the cause of many deaths in the United States. Works Cited Brimelow, Peter. â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦?† The Genre of Argument. Ed. Irene L. Clark. Boston: Thomson-Heinle, 1998. â€Å"Cigarette Smoking-Attributable Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost—United States, 1990† 19 Sept. 1998 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 18 March 2004 . Clark, Irene L. The Genre of Argument. Ed. Irene L. Clark. Boston: Thompson-Heinle, 1998. â€Å"OMA position paper on second-hand smoke† Nov. 1996 Ontario Medical Association. 16 March 2004 . Smoking: Hazardous to Your Health Essay -- Argumentative Rebuttal Essa Smoking: Hazardous to Your Health A about two weeks ago I read an essay called, â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦?† by Peter Brimelow. This essay’s main point tries to explain how smoking can be beneficial in some ways. Brimelow’s essay claims smoking can help while driving. Brimelow also thinks smoking can help protect personal freedoms along with benefiting health in some ways (141). Nonetheless, cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of premature death in the United States (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report). Clearly then, smoking is a very hazardous activity and causes many deaths. Driving and Smoking Brimelow informs his readers that smoking can increase alertness and dexterity which will help when driving (Brimelow 141). It has been confirmed that this is true. Although I do not smoke, should I if I am getting sleepy while driving? Fortunately, it is not necessary. There are many other aids that can help with alertness, such as caffeine. Many popular drinks such as coffee, cappuccino, or pop contain caffeine which can help eliminate tiredness. There are hazardous of smoking while driving also. Cigarettes can be cumbersome and a distraction while driving. If there is anything flammable in the vehicle, a lit cigarette poses a possible hazard. Also, if other people are in the car at the same time, they will be forced to inhale the dangerous toxins floating around. Freedom While talking about freedom and personal choices, Brimelows’ essay notes that we are able to â€Å"†¦judge, as individuals, that the reward outweighs the risk. This is called freedom†(141). It is difficult to provide everyone with their desires associated with smoking. I hate the sme... ...enefit in a few small ways, but has many more negative consequences. Smoking, along with second-hand smoke, has caused many preventable deaths in the United States. Smoking is obviously hazardous, along with being the cause of many deaths in the United States. Works Cited Brimelow, Peter. â€Å"Thank You for Smoking†¦?† The Genre of Argument. Ed. Irene L. Clark. Boston: Thomson-Heinle, 1998. â€Å"Cigarette Smoking-Attributable Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost—United States, 1990† 19 Sept. 1998 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 18 March 2004 . Clark, Irene L. The Genre of Argument. Ed. Irene L. Clark. Boston: Thompson-Heinle, 1998. â€Å"OMA position paper on second-hand smoke† Nov. 1996 Ontario Medical Association. 16 March 2004 .

Apple Inc. and Product Descriptions

Company name: Gilligan Inc. Goods: A. Ipad 1. The New Ipad * Model Number: A1403 (EMC 2499) 2. Ipad 2 * Model Number: A1397 (EMC 2424) 1. Product descriptions (The New Ipad) The iPad 3rd Generation (Wi-Fi/Cellular, CDMA – Verizon/A-GPS, A1403) which some may choose to refer to as the â€Å"iPad 3 is a tablet computer for the web, e-mail, photos, video, music, gaming and more. The iPad 3rd Gen line is significantly more powerful and the focus has shifted more substantially from consuming content to creating it. This specific iPad 3rd Gen model also supports 4G LTE connectivity (700 MHz).Battery life is reportedly 10 hours â€Å"surfing the web on Wi-Fi, watching video, or listening to music† and 9 hours surfing the web using cellular data. Price: $499. 00 2. Product descriptions and price (Ipad 2) Along with its Wi-Fi only and GSM-equipped contemporaries, the iPad 2 (Wi-Fi/CDMA/A-GPS) was proclaimed to be the start of a â€Å"post PC†. It is equipped with a 9. 7- inch (1024Ãâ€"768, 132 ppi) multi-touch â€Å"glossy† LED-backlit IPS display and runs a version of the same iOS operating system that powers the iPhone and iPod touch models.As a result it is compatible with thousands of iPad-specific apps as well as most apps for the iPhone/iPod touch, but not Mac OS X apps. Price: $399. 00. B. The IMac 3. MacBook Air * Model Number: A1466 (EMC 2559) 4. MacBook Pro * Model Number: A1286 (EMC 2556*) 5. Mac Mini * Model Number: A1347 (EMC 2442) 6. Mac pro * Model Number: A1289 (EMC 2314) 3. Product descriptions and price (Mac Book Air) The Apple MacBook Air â€Å"Core i7†³ 2. 0 13† features a 22-nm â€Å"Ivy Bridge† 2. GHz Intel â€Å"Core i7† processor (3667U) with two independent processor â€Å"cores† on a single chip, a 3 MB shared level 3 cache, 4 GB of onboard 1600 MHz DDR3L SDRAM, 256 GB of flash storage, and an â€Å"integrated† Intel HD Graphics 4000 graphics processor that shares system memor y. This all is packed in a razor thin (0. 11-0. 68 inch), 2. 96 pound, aluminum case with an integrated 720p â€Å"Face Time HD† webcam, a backlit full-size keyboard and a 13. 3†³ widescreen TFT LED backlit active-matrix â€Å"glossy† display (1440Ãâ€"900 native resolution).Connectivity includes 802. 11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4. 0, analog audio out, a â€Å"Thunderbolt† port, two USB 3. 0 ports, and an SDXC-capable SD card slot. Price: 11 inch $999 and 13 inch from 1199. 00 4. Product descriptions and price (MacBook Pro) The MacBook Pro â€Å"Core i7† 2. 7 15-Inch technically is a configuration of the MacBook Pro â€Å"Core i7† 2. 6 15-Inch, but also is documented as a separate model for reader convenience. Other than processor, these two models are identical.The MacBook Pro with four independent processor cores on a single silicon chip, an 8 MB shared level 3 cache, 8 GB of 1600 MHz DDR3L SDRAM (PC3-12800) installed in pairs (two 4 GB modul es), a 750 GB Serial ATA (5400 RPM) hard drive, an 8X DL â€Å"SuperDrive†, dual graphics processors a NVIDIA GeForce GT 650M with 1 GB of dedicated GDDR5 memory and an â€Å"integrated† Intel HD Graphics 4000 graphics processor that shares system memory, as well as an integrated 720p Face Time HD webcam. Price: 13 inch from 1,900. 00, 15 inch from 1,799. 00 5. Product descriptions and price (Mac Mini)The Apple Mac mini Core i5 2. 5 features a 32-nm Sandy Bridge 2. 5 GHz Intel â€Å"Core i5† (2520M) processor with two independent processor â€Å"cores† on a single chip, a 3 MB shared level 3 cache, 4 GB of 1333 MHz DDR3 SDRAM (PC3-10600) memory, a 500 GB hard drive, and AMD Radeon HD 6630M graphics with 256 MB of dedicated GDDR5 memory. Connectivity includes a Fire wire â€Å"800† port, four USB 2. 0 ports, combined â€Å"audio line in (digital/analog)† and combined â€Å"audio line out/headphone (digital/analog)† minijacks, a 10/100/ 1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet port, 802. 11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth 4. , an SDXC card slot and an HDMI port as well as a new â€Å"Thunderbolt† port that is backwards compatible with Mini DisplayPort and likewise supports an external display at 2560Ãâ€"1600 and passes an audio signal as well. Thunderbolt also supports other peripherals that use the Thunderbolt standard which provides up to 10 Gbps of bandwidth in both directions. Price: $599. 00 6. Product descriptions and price (Mac Pro) The Mac Pro â€Å"Twelve Core† 3. 06 Server is powered by two 3. 06 GHz Six Core 32-nm Xeon X5675 processors with a dedicated 256k of level 2 cache for each core and 12 MB of â€Å"fully shared† level 3 cache per processor.By default, it is configured with 8 GB of 1333 MHz DDR3 ECC SDRAM, two 1 TB (7200 RPM, 32 MB cache) 3Gb/s Serial ATA hard drives, an 18X dual-layer â€Å"SuperDrive† and an ATI Radeon HD 5770 graphics card with 1 GB of GDDR5 memory. Expansion includ es two external 5. 25†³ â€Å"optical† bays, four internal 3. 5†³ â€Å"cable-free, direct attach† hard drive bays (three free by default), and four 2. 0 slots. Ports include five USB 2. 0 ports, four Fire wire â€Å"800† ports, dual Gigabit Ethernet, two Mini DisplayPort and a dual-link DVI port, among others. AirPort Extreme (802. 11a/b/g/n) and Bluetooth 2. 1+EDR are standard. Price: $1,199 c. IPod 7. IPod Shuffle Model Number: A1204 (EMC 2125) 8. IPod Nano * Model Number: A1446 (EMC Pending) 9. IPod touch * Model Number: A1421 10. IPod Classic * Model Number: A1238 (EMC 2173) 11. Apple TV * Model Number: A1427 (EMC 2528) 7. Product descriptions and price (IPod Shuffle) The iPod shuffle 4th Generation models are identical to the previous iPod shuffle 4th Generation models, except for color options and operating system support. Like its predecessor, it has both â€Å"clickable ring buttons† for navigation as well as a Voiceover button on top. The Voiceover functionality reads the name of songs, artists and playlists as well as â€Å"Genius Mixes† out loud.The housing is available in eight colors dark gray slate and silver as well as purple, pink, yellow, green, blue, and red, which have white control rings. Regardless of color, all models have 2 GB of internal storage capable of holding approximately 500 songs. Apple estimates â€Å"up to† 15 hours of battery life. Price: $49. 00 8. Product descriptions and price (IPod Nano) The iPod Nano features a 2. 5†³ color TFT display and 16 GB of flash storage in an aluminum housing offered in eight colors — dark gray â€Å"slate,† silver, purple, pink, yellow, green, blue, and red — ith either a black or white glass front (black for the slate configuration and white for the others).It resembles a â€Å"mini iPod touch† and likewise has a â€Å"home† button; supports a multi-touch interface, and runs an iOS-inspired operating s ystem but it cannot run iOS applications. Other features include H. 264 video playback support (720Ãâ€"576), Bluetooth 4. 0 for use with Bluetooth-enabled headphones, speakers, and compatible car stereos, an integrated pedometer, and FM radio with live pause functionality as well as Nike iPod, Voiceover, and â€Å"Shake to Shuffle† support.It does not have a microphone, speaker, or camera. The 16 GB of flash memory is capable of holding roughly 4000 songs or 14,000 photos, respectively, and Apple estimates that battery life is â€Å"up to† 30 hours of music playback or 3. 5 hours of video playback when fully charged. Price: $149. 00 9. Product descriptions and price (IPod touch) The iPod touch (5th Gen) has a 4 diagonal widescreen multi-touch IPS retina display with a 1136Ãâ€"640 native resolution 326 ppi, dual cameras a 5 megapixel rear iSight camera with LED flash that can shoot 1080p video and a front-facing 1. megapixel Face Time HD 720p camera and support for Bl uetooth 4. 0, 802. 11n Wi-Fi both the 2. 4 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies, Siri, and Airplay in addition to the expected music, photo, video playback, and iOS app functionality. It is also is powered by a dual-core A5 processor, likely has 512 MB of RAM and has 32 GB or 64 GB of flash storage. Battery life is an Apple-estimated 40 hours of music playback and 8 hours of video playback. Price: $ 299. 00 10. Product descriptions and price (IPod Classic)The Apple iPod classic was equipped with a 120 GB 4200 RPM ATA-66 hard drive capable of supporting up to 30,000 songs in 128-Kbps AAC format or up to 150 hours of video. Apple upgraded the hard drive to 160 GB increasing the capacity to 40,000 songs or 200 hours of video and adding support for â€Å"Genius Mixes† via a software patch on September 28, 2009, but it otherwise essentially is identical (some refer to this configuration as the â€Å"3rd Generation† iPod classic or the 8th Generation iPod).However, the iPod classic mod els do offer modestly improved battery life compared to the â€Å"original† 80 GB model that was replaced — 36 hours of music and 6 hours of video (the previous â€Å"original† 160 GB model provided greater battery life, 40 hours of music and 7 hours of video). Price: $249 11. Product descriptions and price (Apple TV) Apple TV makes it easy to rent or purchase movies and TV shows from Apple as well as stream or mirror movies, shows, photos and other content from an iPod, iPhone or iPad as well as from a Mac or PC. It has built-in support for I Cloud, Netflix, YouTube and Flickr along with other services.It is powered by a single core 32 nm Apple A5 processor and runs a variant of the iOS that powers the iPhone, iPod touch and iPad models, although it does not formally run the iOS and cannot run iOS applications either. Connectivity includes HDMI, optical audio, 10/100Base-T Ethernet, and a single Micro-USB port â€Å"for service and diagnostics† (and hack ing) as well as 802. 11a/b/g/n wireless networking. Price: $99. 00 C. Iphone 12. Iphone 4 * Model Number: A1349 (EMC 2422) 13. Iphone 4S * Model Number: A1387 (EMC 2430) 14. Iphone 5 * Model Number: A1249 (EMC 2610*) 12. Product descriptions and price (Iphone 4)It has dual cameras a 5 megapixel HD video/still camera (720p at 30 FPS) with a backside illuminated sensor, a 5X digital zoom, and an LED flash on the rear and a VGA quality video/still camera on the front designed for video conferencing over a Wi-Fi network with Apple's included â€Å"Face Time† application. It has dual noise-cancelling microphones also. It is powered by an â€Å"Apple A4† processor of unspecified speed, has 512 MB of RAM, and has 8 GB, 16 GB, or 32 GB of internal storage (8 GB configuration introduced October 4, 2011). Network support includes UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA (850, 900, 1900, 2100 MHz) and GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz). 02. 11g/n and Bluetooth 2. 1+EDR are supported as well. Price: $45 0. 00 13.Product descriptions and price (Iphone 4S) The iPhone 4S also has dual cameras an 8 megapixel HD video/still camera (1080p at 30 FPS) with a backside illuminated sensor, and an LED flash on the rear and a VGA quality video/still camera on the front designed for video conferencing over a Wi-Fi network with Apple's included â€Å"Face Time† application. It is powered by a dual-core â€Å"Apple A5† processor, has 512 MB of RAM, and has 16 GB, 32 GB, or 64 GB of internal storage. he iPhone 4S provides â€Å"up to† 40 hours of audio playback, 14 hours of talk time on 2G, 8 hours of talk time on 3G, 6 hours of Internet use on 3G, 9 hours of Internet use on Wi-Fi, 10 hours of video playback and 200 hours of standby time. Price: $599. 00 14. Product descriptions and price (Iphone 5)The iPhone 5 models, regardless of network compatibility, have a 4†³ diagonal widescreen multi-touch IPS LED-backlit 1136Ãâ€"640 native resolution (326 ppi) â€Å"retina displ ay,† dual cameras a rear 8 megapixel, 1080p iSight camera and a front 1. megapixel, 720p Face Time HD camera, and 4G/LTE support, all packed in an aluminum body case with a glass front that is a mere 0. 30 of an inch thick. The iPhone 5 is powered by a 1. 3 GHz dual core Apple A6 processor, has 1 GB of RAM and 16 GB, 32 GB, or 64 GB of flash storage. It also supports both 2. 4 GHz and 5 GHz 802. 11n Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 4. 0 as well as packs three noise canceling microphones, a bottom-mounted headphone jack, and a new USB 2. 0-based Lightning port for connectivity.Apple estimates that the iPhone 5 models provide â€Å"up to† 40 hours of audio playback, 8 hours of talk time on 3G, 8 hours of Internet use on 3G, 8 hours of Internet use on 4G/LTE, 10 hours of Internet use on Wi-Fi, 10 hours of video playback and 225 hours of standby time. Price: $699. 00 Services: 1. Mac App Store The Mac App Store is a digital distribution platform for Mac OS X applications. It is develope d by Apple Inc. The platform was announced on October 20, 2010, at Apple's â€Å"Back to the Mac† event. Apple began accepting app submissions from registered developers on November 3, 2010 in preparation for its launch. . iOS App StoreThe Apple App Store is a digital application distribution platform for iOS developed and maintained by Apple Inc. The service allows users to browse and download applications from the iTunes Store that were developed with the iOS SDK published through Apple Inc. Depending on the application, they are available either for free or at a cost. The applications can be downloaded directly to a target device, or downloaded onto a personal computer or Macintosh via iTunes. 30 percent of revenue from the store goes to Apple, and 70 percent goes to the producer of the app. 3. iBooksThe iBook store is an ePub content sales and delivery system that delivers e-books to any iOS device) running iOS 4. x – 6. x. The iBooks shelf turns around to reveal t he iBook store. From here users can purchase various books from Apple. IBooks can sync between devices, so one could start reading a book on one device and continue from where one left-off on another. 4. iCloud iCloud service allows users to store data such as music and iOS applications on remote computer servers for download to multiple devices such as iOS-based devices running iOS 5 or later, and personal computers running OS X 10. 7. 2 Lion or later, or Microsoft Windows.It also replaces Apple's Mobile Me service, acting as a data syncing center for email, contacts, calendars, bookmarks, notes, iWork documents, and other data. The service also allows users to wirelessly back-up their iOS devices to iCloud instead manually doing so using iTunes. 5. ITunes The iTunes Store is a software-based online digital media store operated by Apple Inc. as the iTunes Music Store, and has been the most popular music vendor in the United States since April 2008, and the most popular music vendor in the world since February 24, 2010. It now offers over 28 million songs, videos and apps.The iTunes store had sold 16 billion songs. List of Employees 1. Aaron Smith Address: 24 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0A3 Salary: $200,000 Position title: CEO (Store Manager) 2. Abbey Brown Address: 2202 Kipling Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M9W 3Z9 Salary: $150,000 Position title: (Chief Financial Officer) 3. Adeline Wilson Address: 1001 Whiskey Cove Road, Ocean Falls, BC V0T 1P0 Salary: $120,000 Position title: Chief Communication Specialist 4. Adam Patel Address: Via Miguel de Cervantes, 138, 85050-Brienza PZ Salary: $100,000 Position title: Marketing Consultant 5. Addison Martin Address: 2547 Yonge Street, Toronto, ON M4W 1J7Salary: $100,000 Position title: Human Resources Advisor 6. Adolph Taylor Address: 2032 Robson St, Vancouver, BC V6B 3K9 Salary: $100,000 Position title: Legal Advisor 7. Aidan Campbell Address: 3967 Boulevard Ste-Genevieve, Chicoutimi, QC G7G 2S4 Salary: $60,000 Position t itle: Sales Rep. 1 8. Angelina Thompson Address: 3269 5th Avenue, Donnelly, AB T0H 1G0 Salary: $60,000 Position title: Sales Rep 2 9. Anthony jones Address: 4903 Manitoba Street, Brace Bridge, ON P1L 2B7 Salary: $60,000 Position title: Customer representative 10. Ross C. Bailey Address: 2280 Gordon Street, San Bernardino, CA 92401Salary: $60,000 Position title: Customer representative 2 Citations â€Å"Apple Support Communities. † How to Tell Which Version of Ipad I†¦ :. N. p. , n. d. Web. 29 Sept. 2012. . â€Å"How to Identify IMac Models. † How to Identify IMac Models. N. p. , n. d. Web. 29 Sept. 2012. . â€Å"IPod Shuffle 3rd Gen 4 GB Specs (iPod Shuffle 3rd Gen, MB867LL/A*, A1271, 2262) @ EveryiPod. com. † IPod Shuffle 3rd Gen 4 GB Specs (iPod Shuffle 3rd Gen, MB867LL/A*, A1271, 2262) @ EveryiPod. com. N. p. , n. d. Web.

Descriptive general marketing plan outline for eegee company

I.  Ã‚   Executive Summary – This marketing plan is designed and conceptualized to respond to a particular challenge that the Eegee Company is looking to take head-on: make solid, calculated steps upward the market and consumer share ladder and eventually lead the industry based on commanding hold of the target market and market share. This marketing plan provides an insight on the key pillars of a workable, achievable and realistic marketing strategy through the careful analysis and consideration of the company structure, capability and current market position as well as the position of the competitors and the direction where most of the target customers are looking. This marketing plan is designed to design a strategy so to ensure that the target customers of Eegee Company is looking Eegee’s way, and no other way, through effective marketing with the use of traditional and below the line (BLT) advertising vis-à  -vis enhanced and improved product designed to suit the taste of its target market. In order to measure the success level of the marketing plan, several long term and short term objectives are identified in this marketing plan to enable the company to see whether they are consistent with the course of action and course plotted by the marketing plan, and if the marketing plan is effective after all. II. The Egee Company Marketing Challenge – The Eegee Company has been operating since 1971, and for nearly four decades, many internal and external aspects have changed. Internally, there have been several changes in operational direction that included shift in logistics, use of technology and expansion while externally, competitors of the Eegee Company products themselves collectively experienced changes; some became stronger brands, some disappeared and in their place some new names surfaced to challenge the market and threaten the market share enjoyed by Eegee Company. The main marketing plan of the this marketing plan is to put Eegee Company in a position of stable and consistent growth, and over a period of calculated time, hit the top spot in market share in the frozen fruit juice, baked goods and sandwich industry, and provide long term and short term strategies on how to maintain pole position at least before a new and more suitable and up-to-date marketing plan has been created and enforced. This market plan will take into consideration the analysis of the current business situation Eegee is in, as well as the analysis of the company, the target market and customers and the competition to be able to ascertain the real grounds Eegee is standing on at the moment and from that point define the path it should take to get to where it wants to go. Analysis of the Situation – Eegee Company has successfully managed to branch out, but the branching out of the company is not yielding the desired stranglehold effect of the target market. Simply put, Egee is everywhere, but a lot of its target consumers are still going somewhere else. The question is, ‘why is that’? Product-wise, Eegee Company’s line of food product provides both character to the company and diversity that consumers require for a food chain to constantly invite patrons and attract new customers. In the absence of any official action against Eegee Company by anyone of its former and current customers with regards to the products having undesirable qualities, it is by default that this marketing plan would consider that most customers would agree that generally, Eegee Company’s food is fresh, delicious, satisfying and reasonably priced. Eegee Company, throughout its 36 years of existence and operation, was able to follow trends in local and trans-state food and beverage distribution and manufacturing, such trends not jeopardizing the quality of Eegee Company food. III. Alternative and Selected Marketing Strategies – This marketing plan will identify some alternative marketing strategy and select particular marketing strategies that the company is capable of launching and supporting inside a particular time frame. Selective and Sensitive Media Advertising – Traditional marketing wisdom still points to the use of advertising in mass media as an effective marketing strategy. But as was pointed out earlier in the marketing plan, current social changes affect the manner by which modern advertising and marketing strategy is being conducted, and Eegee should be aware of that and incorporate these changes in the strategy to come across as an issue-sensitive company whose main concern as a corporate entity is customer welfare. Eegee can shift its marketing and advertising styles with more health-conscious tones and responsibilities, meaning Eegee will focus on its healthy food line and stress on the characteristic of Eegee as a partner in maintaining healthy eating habits and at the same time re-align product advertising with regards to the audience that it actually hits, similar to the Kellogg case and the role of their advertisement of food that pressure groups deem as unhealthy for kids and contributing to the obesity of the children in America (Associated Press, 2007). Product and company assessment through public and target market survey – bringing the food closer to the target customers requires the company to know what type of food these people want on their hands and on their plates. This assessment is critical since this will provide the company a glimpse of where current Eegee products stand in the preference of the target market. Results of this study is integral in the marketing plan since this will help in the undertaking of alternative recommended strategies like the discontinuing of a product as well as product re-branding and change in company profile. The marketing team can begin with conducting the study on the impact of the company’s current identifiable logos and characters and whether or not it alienates a particular section of the target market owing to its leaning towards more youthful and child-like personality. Promotion through close contact with customers – Promotional activities like community-based events support and sponsorship is highly encouraged to be able to put Eegee closer to its target market. Other minor promotional gimmicks like holiday discounts and give-away items should also be analyzed carefully, particularly with the items to give out with focus on strengthening brand and product recall through non-food items. IV. Short Term and Long Term Projections – Long term and short term projections include immediate marketing strategy impact as well as the expected fall out of the marketing plan which will be reflected in a post mortem for the marketing plan which will be identified in the marketing strategy calendar. The long term and short term projections should also consider the impact of the marketing plan in other business areas like the forecast of revenues, expenses and break even analysis. The selected marketing strategies also promise several long term and short term impact on the company sales and product performance. The ‘Selective and Sensitive Media Advertising’ marketing strategy’s short term results may include favorable public perception on the company and the product that may show direct positive impact in immediate improvement of sales. Another expected short term result is the gaining of newfound interest among new target market who will be hit by the particular new wave of Eegee’s media advertising. Long term results generated from this particular strategy include long term maintenance of favorable and positive company and product profile (which can only be maintained if the company can provide products that customers generally like and enjoy) as well as the establishment of the very critical brand recall that can help in minimizing advertising efforts for at least the next one or two years. The ‘Product and company assessment through public and target market survey’ strategy’s long term and short term effect is primarily the ability of the company to use the opinion of its target consumers to its advantage. Its short term effect includes being able to re-design and repackage the products, the company and the marketing style that fits the consumer taste. Its long term effect is primarily the providing of usable data which the company can use in the future during its redesigning of future marketing plans and strategies. The ‘Promotion through close contact with customers’ strategy provides a short term effect that translates to direct communication with target consumers on a more localize and direct level while its long term effect is expected in the increase and maintenance of brand recall and product identification. In order to achieve them, departments and individuals who are directly involved in the implementation of the marketing plan should perform expected tasks and maintain deliverables as per marketing plan schedule. Special action towards the marketing plan that affects the marketing strategies directly may come in the form of remedial actions should unexpected problems arise during the duration of the marketing plan and strategy implementation, as well as crisis management task undertaking in the event of crisis-level concerns occurring during the duration of the marketing plan/strategy implementation. Forecast of Revenue – members of the marketing team should be designate the starting point of marketing campaign pursuant to the marketing plan put into action. A comprehensive administration of the marketing plan (advertisement, promotion, product change, corporate re-design etc) would be sufficient enough to allow management to evaluate sales performance from the start of the marketing campaign up to the end of the first three or five months and break down these months into weeks and days to see if there are noticeable trends that can suggest improving revenue based on the imposed marketing strategy. Expenses – List of expected expenses should make room for auxiliary expenses for unexpected marketing costs and should be detailed in the marketing plan. The expenses incurred in the undertaking of a creating and using of a new marketing plan and marketing strategy is considered as internal investment of the company. The marketing team should work hand in hand with the accounting and the legal department to see how some of the expenses can be translated for tax refunds and tax exempts and other ways and means that can soften the impact of the expenses on overall operation and financial status of the company. Marketing, after all, ‘costs money’ (Gendusa, 2006). Break Even Analysis – The marketing plan, the forecast of revenue and the list of expenses should design a strategy allowing for break even income – costs as the worst case scenario in the event that the marketing plan did not yield expected results. Necessary plans should also be made to compensate for any negative result of the break even analysis. References: Associated Press. (June 14, 2007). Kellogg to change recipes, marketing. The Boston Globe. Retrieved December 25, 2007, from http://www.boston.com/business/globe/articles/2007/06/14/kellogg_to_change_recipes_marketing/ Eegee's website. Retrieved December 25, 2007, from http://www.eegees.com/index.htm Gendusa, Joy. (May 22, 2006). The Importance of a Marketing Plan. Articlesbase. Retrieved December 25, 2007, from http://www.articlesbase.com/marketing-articles/the importance-of-a-marketing-plan-30026.html ;